Central Oregon Health Council :: Measures for Promote Enhanced Physical Health Across Communities

Why are these measures important?

Please see the information below, describing the measures being tracked for this priority area, and why they are important.

Learn more about this topic and others through funded pilots and projects on the "What We're Learning" page.

Chronic Diseases

Chronic diseases are defined broadly as conditions that last 1 year or more and require ongoing medical attention or limit activities of daily living or both. Chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes are the leading causes of death and disability in the United States. They are also leading drivers of the nation’s $3.8 trillion in annual health care costs.

Many chronic diseases are caused by a short list of risk behaviors:
- Tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke.
- Poor nutrition, including diets low in fruits and vegetables and high in sodium and saturated fats.
- Lack of physical activity.
- Excessive alcohol use.

Source: https://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/about/index.htm#risks

Asthma

In Crook County, 10.2% of people have asthma, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the decrease this to 7.4%.
In Deschutes County, 9.1% of people have asthma, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is to decrease this to 8.2%.
In Jefferson County, 14.3% of people have asthma, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the decrease this to 12.9%.

Cancer

In Crook County, 7.8% of people have cancer, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the decrease this to 7.0%.
In Deschutes County, 7.1% of people have cancer, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is to decrease this to 6.4%.
In Jefferson County, 5.4% of people have cancer, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the decrease this to 4.9%.

Cardiovascular Disease

In Crook County, 9.7% of people have cardiovascular disease, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the decrease this to 8.7%.
In Deschutes County, 4.8% of people have cardiovascular disease, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is to decrease this to 4.3%.
In Jefferson County, 5.7% of people have cardiovascular disease, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the decrease this to 5.1%.

Diabetes

In Crook County, 10.6% of people have diabetes, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the decrease this to 9.5%.
In Deschutes County, 5.9% of people have diabetes, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is to decrease this to 5.3%.
In Jefferson County, 20.4% of people have diabetes, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the decrease this to 18.3%.

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Adult Obesity

Obesity. Obesity is excess body fat. Obesity is linked to higher “bad” cholesterol and triglyceride levels and to lower “good” cholesterol levels. Obesity can lead to high blood pressure and diabetes as well as heart disease.
Obesity-related conditions include heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and certain types of cancer that are some of the leading causes of preventable, premature death.
The estimated annual medical cost of obesity in the United States was $147 billion in 2008 US dollars; the medical cost for people who have obesity was $1,429 higher than those of normal weight.
The association between obesity and income or educational level is complex and differs by sex and race/ethnicity.
- Overall, men and women with college degrees had lower obesity prevalence compared with those with less education.
- By race/ethnicity, the same obesity and education pattern was seen among non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic women, and also among non-Hispanic white men, although the differences were not all statistically significant. Although the difference was not statistically significant among non-Hispanic black men, obesity prevalence increased with educational attainment. Among non-Hispanic Asian women and men and Hispanic men, there were no differences in obesity prevalence by education level.
- Among men, obesity prevalence was lower in the lowest and highest income groups compared with the middle-income group. This pattern was seen among non-Hispanic white and Hispanic men. Obesity prevalence was higher in the highest income group than in the lowest income group among non-Hispanic black men.
- Among women, obesity prevalence was lower in the highest income group than in the middle and lowest income groups. This pattern was observed among non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic Asian, and Hispanic women. Among non-Hispanic black women, there was no difference in obesity prevalence by income.

Source: https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/adult.html

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In Central Oregon, we are seeing the following:

In Crook County, 31.5% of adults are obese, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is decreasing this to 29.3%.
In Deschutes County, 21.4% of adults are obese, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is decreasing this to 19.9%.
In Jefferson County, 42.2% of adults are obese, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is decreasing this to 39.2%.

Physical Activity and Fruit/Vegetable Intake Among Youth

Childhood obesity is a serious problem in the United States putting children and adolescents at risk for poor health. Obesity prevalence among children and adolescents is still too high.
The prevalence of obesity decreased with increasing level of education of the household head among children and adolescents aged 2-19 years.
Obesity prevalence was 18.9% among children and adolescents aged 2-19 years in the lowest income group, 19.9% among those in the middle-income group, and 10.9% among those in the highest income group.
Obesity prevalence was lower in the highest income group among non-Hispanic Asian and Hispanic boys.
Obesity prevalence was lower in the highest income group among non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic Asian, and Hispanic girls. Obesity prevalence did not differ by income among non-Hispanic black girls.

Note: Obesity is defined as a body mass index (BMI) at or above the 95th percentile of the CDC sex-specific BMI-for-age growth charts.

Source: https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/childhood.html

Physical Activity: 8th Grade

In Crook County, 37.2% of 8th-grade students report 60 minutes or more of physical activity in the last seven days, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the increase this to 47%.
In Deschutes County, 27.9% of 8th-grade students report 60 minutes or more of physical activity in the last seven days, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the increase this to 38%
In Jefferson County, 21.5% of 8th-grade students report 60 minutes or more of physical activity in the last seven days, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the increase this to 32%

Physical Activity: 11th Grade

In Crook County, 29.1% of 11th-grade students report 60 minutes or more of physical activity in the last seven days, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the increase this to 39%.
In Deschutes County, 16% of 11th-grade students report 60 minutes or more of physical activity in the last seven days, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the increase this to 26%
In Jefferson County, 19.8% of 11th-grade students report 60 minutes or more of physical activity in the last seven days, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the increase this to 30%

Fruits and Vegetables: 8th Grade

In Crook County, 28.1% of 8th-grade students eat at least five servings of fruit or vegetables a day, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the increase this to 38%.
In Deschutes County, 23.2% of 8th-grade students eat at least five servings of fruit or vegetables a day, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the increase this to 33%.
In Jefferson County, 30.4% of 8th-grade students eat at least five servings of fruit or vegetables a day, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the increase this to 41%.

Fruits and Vegetables: 11th Grade

In Crook County, 21.3% of 11th-grade students eat at least five servings of fruit or vegetables a day, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the increase this to 31%.
In Deschutes County, 15.2% of 11th-grade students eat at least five servings of fruit or vegetables a day, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the increase this to 26%.
In Jefferson County, 14.6% of 11th-grade students eat at least five servings of fruit or vegetables a day, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is the increase this to 25%.

Risk Factors Contributing to Cardio-Pulmonary Disease and/or Preventable Disease

What health conditions increase the risk of heart disease?

High blood pressure. High blood pressure is a major risk factor for heart disease. It is a medical condition that happens when the pressure of the blood in your arteries and other blood vessels is too high. The high pressure, if not controlled, can affect your heart and other major organs of your body, including your kidneys and brain.
High blood pressure is often called a “silent killer” because it usually has no symptoms. The only way to know whether you have high blood pressure is to measure your blood pressure. You can lower your blood pressure with lifestyle changes or with medicine to reduce your risk for heart disease and heart attack. Learn more about blood pressure.
Unhealthy blood cholesterol levels. Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance made by the liver or found in certain foods. Your liver makes enough for your body’s needs, but we often get more cholesterol from the foods we eat.
If we take in more cholesterol than the body can use, the extra cholesterol can build up in the walls of the arteries, including those of the heart. This leads to narrowing of the arteries and can decrease the blood flow to the heart, brain, kidneys, and other parts of the body.
There are two main types of blood cholesterol: LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, which is considered to be “bad” cholesterol because it can cause plaque buildup in your arteries, and HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, which is considered to be “good” cholesterol because higher levels provide some protection against heart disease.
High blood cholesterol usually has no signs or symptoms. The only way to know whether you have high cholesterol is to get your cholesterol checked. Your health care team can do a simple blood test, called a “lipid profile,” to measure your cholesterol levels. Learn more about getting your cholesterol checked.
Diabetes mellitus. Your body needs glucose (sugar) for energy. Insulin is a hormone made in the pancreas that helps move glucose from the food you eat to your body’s cells for energy. If you have diabetes, your body doesn’t make enough insulin, can’t use its own insulin as well as it should, or both.
Diabetes causes sugar to build up in the blood. The risk of death from heart disease for adults with diabetes is higher than for adults who do not have diabetes. Talk with your doctor about ways to prevent or manage diabetes and control other risk factors.

Source: https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/risk_factors.htm

In Central Oregon, we are seeing the following:

Adults Who Smoke

In Crook County, 20.3% of adults report smoking, and the target in the 2020-2024 RHIP has currently been met by having the percentage be below 24.5%.
In Deschutes County, 15.6% of adults report smoking, and the target in the 2020-2024 RHIP has currently been met by having the percentage be below 16.1%.
In Jefferson County, 13.2% of adults report smoking, and the target in the 2020-2024 RHIP is to decrease this percentage to 11.9%.

Hospitalizations for Stroke

In Crook County, 243.1 people per 100,000 are hospitalized due to stroke, and the target in the 2020-2024 RHIP is to decrease this to 196 people per 100,000.
In Deschutes County, 200 people per 100,000 are hospitalized due to stroke, and the target in the 2020-2024 RHIP is to decrease this to 190 people per 100,000.
In Jefferson County, 338 people per 100,000 are hospitalized due to stroke, and the target in the 2020-2024 RHIP is to decrease this to 319 people per 100,000.

Hospitalizations for Diabetes

In Crook County, 122.6 people per 100,000 are hospitalized due to diabetes, and the target in the 2020-2024 RHIP is to decrease this to 86 people per 100,000.
In Deschutes County, 80.9 people per 100,000 are hospitalized due to diabetes, and the target in the 2020-2024 RHIP is to decrease this to 59.5 people per 100,000.
In Jefferson County, 160.3 people per 100,000 are hospitalized due to diabetes, and the target in the 2020-2024 RHIP is to decrease this to 128.5 people per 100,000.

Sexually Transmitted Infection Rates

Although many sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are preventable, there are more than 20 million estimated new cases in the United States each year — and rates are increasing.
Adolescents, young adults, and men who have sex with men are at higher risk of getting STIs.
And people who have an STI may be at higher risk of getting HIV.
Promoting behaviors like condom use can help prevent STIs.
Strategies to increase screening and testing for STIs can assess people’s risk of getting an STI and help people with STIs get treatment, improving their health and making it less likely that STIs will spread to others.
Getting treated for an STI other than HIV can help prevent complications from the STI but doesn’t prevent HIV from spreading.

Source: https://health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/browse-objectives/sexually-transmitted-infections

In Central Oregon, we are seeing the following:

Gonorrhea

In Crook County, 70.3 people per 100,000 are diagnosed with Gonorrhea, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is to decrease this to 52.7 people per 100,000.
In Deschutes County, 33.8 people per 100,000 are diagnosed with Gonorrhea, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is to decrease this to 23.5 people per 100,000.
In Jefferson County, 131.3 people per 100,000 are diagnosed with Gonorrhea, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is to decrease this to 95.8 people per 100,000.

Syphilis

In Central Oregon, the number of individuals diagnosed with Syphilis over 5 years is 44, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is to decrease this to 37.

HIV

In Central Oregon, the number of individuals diagnosed with HIV over 5 years is 26, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is to decrease this to 21.

Yearly Wellness and Dental Visits

Unequal access to services and opportunities (e.g. from health screening, diagnosis, treatment, management; built environment; food supply chain, access to health care) exists within the region.
Several communities, including La Pine, Madras, Prineville, and Warm Springs, have higher levels of unmet health care needs than the more urban areas of Central Oregon and Oregon overall.
Access to health care is a challenge for residents living in rural areas, especially for veterans, and those with transportation, and/or language and culture barriers.
The Annual Wellness Visit (AWV) is a yearly appointment with a primary care provider (PCP) to create or update a personalized prevention plan. This plan may help prevent illness based on your current health and risk factors.
Regular preventive dental exams provide the following benefits to your oral health: Lowers your risk for developing tooth decay, gum disease, and more serious dental problems. Helps promote good oral hygiene habits, such as brushing your teeth at least twice a day and flossing.

In Central Oregon, we are seeing the following:

In Crook County, 18.8% of Medicaid members received both an annual wellness visit and a preventative dental visit within a year, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is to increase this to 29.8%.
In Deschutes County, 19.8% of Medicaid members received both an annual wellness visit and a preventative dental visit within a year, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is to increase this to 32.75%.
In Jefferson County, 21.3% of Medicaid members received both an annual wellness visit and a preventative dental visit within a year, and the 2020-2024 RHIP target is to increase this to 31.3%.